The range of motion of the cervical spine in children aged from 3 to 7 years - an electrogoniometric study

The aim of the study has been to evaluate the range of motion of the cervical spine in relation to the age of the participants, and to determine the dimorphic and asymmetrical differences in the range of motion in pre-determined age categories. The study involved 300 children (150 girls and 150 boys) aged from 3 to 7 years, and tensiometric electrogoniometry was used to evaluate the range of cervical spine motion. The highest amplitude of cervical spine motion could be observed in the transverse plane and this was followed by that of the sagittal plane, with frontal plane motion being the lowest. The dynamics of the cervical spine motion changes were characterised by the presence of two distinct periods of motion increase - between years 2 and 3 and between years 6 and 7; the other periods were characterised by a decrease in cervical spine motion. The dimorphic and asymmetrical differences proved statistically insignificant

Verification of selected anatomical landmarks used as reference points for universal goniometer positioning during elbow joint mobility range measurements

The paper presents the results of comparative studies on the range of active elbow joint motion based on data obtained from 50 physical education students. The measurements were made with both an electrogoniometer and a manual goniometer. An explanation of differences in measurement results has been provided based on an investigation by the photographic method of 3 elbow joints using cadaveric material

Metoda wydłużania w wariancie zrównoleglonym

Pokazano, że technika obcięcia zastosowana w metodzie wydłużania istotnie przyspiesza obliczenia kwantowo-chemiczne w formaliźmie Hartreego-Focka (HF). Metoda ta sprawdza się wyjątkowo dobrze w obliczeniach przeprowadzanych na wielu procesorach. W pracy porównano zarówno całkowity czas obliczeń, jak i jego najbardziej czasochłonnych części, z tradycyjnym schematem obliczeniowym metody HF.It is demonstrated that the elongation cutoff technique (ECT) substantially speeds up the quantum-chemical calculation at Hartree-Fock (HF) level of theory and is especially well suited for parallel performance. A comparison of ECT timings for water chains with the reference HF calculations is given. The analysis includes the overall CPU (central processing unit) time and its most time consuming steps

Penetration Depth of a Soil Moisture Profile Probe Working in Time-Domain Transmission Mode

Soil moisture is one of the most important soil parameters. Knowledge of volumetric water content (VWC) of the root zone as well as the VWC dynamics in the soil profile is especially important for agriculture. Monitoring VWC at several depths in the soil profile can be performed using several soil moisture sensors placed at various depths. However, the use of a profile probe is more convenient, because the installation of a single probe is less disturbing to the soil, as well as less laborious and more cost-effective. The objective of the paper is to present the design and performance of a novel profile probe working in the time-domain transmission mode (P-TDT probe) with emphasis put on the penetration depth and sensitivity zone. The performance of the probe was assessed with the use of finite element method (FEM) simulations in the frequency domain, transient simulations in the time domain and laboratory experiments with the use of a vector network analyzer (VNA) working in the 10 MHz–10 GHz frequency range. It was concluded that the effective soil volume measured by the profile probe of a given geometry is equivalent to a soil thickness of about 20 mm around the tested probe. The internal part of the probe body had a negligible effect on the measurement results, as it does not change with soil moisture. Moreover, the transmitted signal amplitude was related to the soil electrical conductivity

Generic Isolated Horizons and their Applications

Boundary conditions defining a generic isolated horizon are introduced. They generalize the notion available in the existing literature by allowing the horizon to have distortion and angular momentum. Space-times containing a black hole, itself in equilibrium but possibly surrounded by radiation, satisfy these conditions. In spite of this generality, the conditions have rich consequences. They lead to a framework, somewhat analogous to null infinity, for extracting physical information, but now in the \textit{strong} field regions. The framework also generalizes the zeroth and first laws of black hole mechanics to more realistic situations and sheds new light on the `origin' of the first law. Finally, it provides a point of departure for black hole entropy calculations in non-perturbative quantum gravity.Comment: 4 pages, RevTeX. Minor typos were corrected and the fact that, in contrast to Ref [4], isolated horizons are now allowed to have distortion and rotation was clarifie

Degenerate Sectors of the Ashtekar Gravity

This work completes the task of solving locally the Einstein-Ashtekar equations for degenerate data. The two remaining degenerate sectors of the classical 3+1 dimensional theory are considered. First, with all densitized triad vectors linearly dependent and second, with only two independent ones. It is shown how to solve the Einstein-Ashtekar equations completely by suitable gauge fixing and choice of coordinates. Remarkably, the Hamiltonian weakly Poisson commutes with the conditions defining the sectors. The summary of degenerate solutions is given in the Appendix.Comment: 19 pages, late

ELONGATION CUTOFF TECHNIQUE: PARALLEL PERFORMANCE

It is demonstrated that the elongation cutoff technique (ECT) substantially speeds up thequantum-chemical calculation at Hartree-Fock (HF) level of theory and is especially wellsuited for parallel performance. A comparison of ECT timings for water chains with thereference HF calculations is given. The analysis includes the overall CPU (central processingunit) time and its most time consuming steps

Organizacja dowodzenia na poziomie strategicznym i operacyjnym

Praca recenzowana / Peer-reviewed paperRezultaty dociekań naukowych autorów, przedstawione w niniejszej monografii, koncentrują się na aspekcie organizacyjnym, a precyzyjniej – na organizacji dowodzenia na poziomach strategicznym i operacyjnym, czyli tam, gdzie generowane są długoterminowe plany i programy oraz podejmowane są szczególnie istotne, także w zakresie konsekwencji, decyzje. Wspomniany obszar penetracji naukowej wydaje się tym bardziej ciekawy i ważny, gdyż przez dwa minione lata jesteśmy świadkami wdrażania istotnych zmian w wybranych fragmentach systemu dowodzenia Sił Zbrojnych RP, które doprowadziły do bardzo znaczących przeobrażeń w stosunku do uprzednio funkcjonujących rozwiązań w zakresie organizacji dowodzenia. Zasadniczym celem rozważań, których wyniki przedstawiono poniżej, była próba analizy i oceny tych wszystkich zmian we wskazanym wcześniej obszarze problemowym, które od roku 2014 znane są jako reforma systemu dowodzenia Sił Zbrojnych RP.Publikacja powstała w ramach projektu badawczego Krakowskiej Akademi im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego nr WNoB/DS/1/2014/KON